How dangerous are XL bullies and how does the ban work? – BBC News

Male XL dogs stand from 20in (51cm) high at the shoulder, with female XLs only slightly smaller.

Dogs are considered XLs if they meet the minimum height and a substantial number of other characteristics.

When it announced the XL bully ban in England and Wales in late 2023, the government said 23 deaths had been caused by dog attacks since the start of 2021.

It said XL bullies had been “disproportionately involved”.

NHS consultant Richard Baker said their powerful jaws inflict more damaging wounds than those of other breeds, resulting in broken bones, shredded skin and damaged nerves.

“It’s a crushing or a tearing injury,” he said. “Once they grip, they don’t let go.”

However, there are no official statistics on the number of attacks by individual dog breeds.

The BBC sent Freedom of Information requests to every local police force in England and Wales.

The responses showed that in 2023, police recorded 30,539 offences of an out-of-control dog causing injury to a person or guide dog – a 21% increase on 2022.

Ownership of American bully XL dogs is restricted under the Dangerous Dogs Act 1991.

The government said it received 61,000 exemption applications before the deadline.

Police can seize unregistered prohibited dogs, and their owners face a criminal record and unlimited fine.

Owners who applied for an exemption have to buy insurance, microchip their dog and pay a £92.40 fee per animal.

Registered dogs must be housed securely, and kept on a lead and muzzled in public – but not at home.

Older dogs must also be neutered by 30 June, or by the end of 2024 for dogs under the age of one.

Owners in England and Wales can no longer apply to exempt an XL bully.

Anyone choosing not to keep their XL bully had to take it to a registered vet to be euthanised by 31 January 2024.

As at 22 April 2024, the government said it had received 400 valid euthanasia compensation claims, and had processed 395, at a cost of £76,500.

It is illegal to abandon, rehome, sell, buy, or transfer ownership of an XL bully.

Anyone who breaks the rules risks up to six months in prison and/or a fine of up to £5,000.

Owners who wish to keep their dogs have to apply for an exemption by 31 July 2024.

Details of how to register a dog will be released ahead of the deadline.

The requirements for exempt XL bully owners in Scotland are expected to mirror those in England and Wales.

Owners will be subject to many of the restrictions in place in the rest of the UK:

It is not clear when the new requirements will take effect, but it is thought that the legislation could be introduced in the summer or early autumn.

Breed-specific bans do not work and are unfair on responsible dog owners and their pets, according to the Dog Control Coalition.

The body includes Battersea Dogs and Cats Home, the Dogs Trust, the Kennel Club, the RSPCA and the British Veterinary Association.